ABSTRACT
Introduction: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has revolutionized the approach to diagnosis and management of breast and various other lesions. Its accuracy in many situations avoids any unnecessary surgical procedures. The aim of this study was to analyze and correlate the diagnosis of breast lesions on cytology with histopathology. Materials and methods: This prospective study was done at Government Medical College, Nizamabad, and Telangana State (TS) during June 2016 to May 2018 and total numbers of cases included were 200. A detail clinical and family history was taken before the procedure of FNAC and examination of both the breast was done. Results: The study included 200 breast masses/ cases, which were diagnosed on cytology. The age group included in this study was between 16 years and 75 years. Most of the cases in this study were in the age group 16- 30 years (91 cases) followed by 31- 45 years group (66 cases), followed by 46-60 years (34 cases) and least numbers of cases were noted in 61-75 years age group (09 cases). In this study, most common diagnosis was Fibroadenoma and least common diagnosis given on cytological examination was tubular Adenoma. Conclusion: FNAC is an important diagnostic adjunct in the management of patient with a breast lump. Recently FNAC popularity has grown many folds and has become a most valuable tool in the diagnosis of palpable breast masses owing to its distinct advantages of being sensitive, specific, expedient, economical and safe. Lack of local or general anesthesia makes the procedure more comfortable for the patient and the pathologist.
ABSTRACT
Abstracts: Background & Aim: Accidental Poisoning in children focuses on the effect of substances caused by accidental poisonings from drugs of abuse, household products, or various other chemicals. Aim is to analyze children with accidental poisoning for the epidemiological factors; type of poison, time elapsed to reach the hospital, mode of poisoning, socioeconomic status and outcome. Methodology: This was a hospital based prospective observational study carried out at department of pediatrics, SVRR Government General Hospital during the periods of November 2011 to October 2013 . Total of 127 children admitted in the hospital were studied. Results: Most common cause of poisoning in children was kerosene (37.8%) followed by organophosphates(24.4%). 54.3%of the poisoned cases were in the age group1month-5year, compared to 37% and 8.6% of the age groups 6-10 and 11-12 yr respectively. Overall incidence of poisoning in males was much higher than females, but in the age group above 10 years there is increased incidence in females. Conclusion: outcome of poisoning is directly related to the interval between poisoning and presentation to emergency care. Immediate access to the medical management , responsible monitoring of the poisoned patients, rapid treatment and follow-ups are essential to improve the condition of these poisoned children.
ABSTRACT
A new simple, sensitive and specific procedure has been developed for determination of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms using MBTH reagent. The purpose of this analytical validation procedure is to validate it by laboratory experiments to prove that the method meets the minimum standards for laboratory use. 3-methyl-2-bezothiazoline hydrazone reacts with the secondary amine group of tenofovir in the presence of oxidizing agent, ferric chloride. The resulting apple green coloured chromogen when measured spectrophotometrically in visible region (i.e., 400-800nm) shows a maximum absorbance at 626.5nm. This method can be successfully applied for the determination of drug content in pharmaceutical formulations. The results of analysis have been validated statistically.
ABSTRACT
A new simple, sensitive and specific procedure has been developed for determination of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms using MBTH reagent. The purpose of this analytical validation procedure is to validate it by laboratory experiments to prove that the method meets the minimum standards for laboratory use. 3-methyl-2-bezothiazoline hydrazone reacts with the secondary amine group of tenofovir in the presence of oxidizing agent, ferric chloride. The resulting apple green coloured chromogen when measured spectrophotometrically in visible region (i.e., 400-800nm) shows a maximum absorbance at 626.5nm. This method can be successfully applied for the determination of drug content in pharmaceutical formulations. The results of analysis have been validated statistically.
ABSTRACT
The concept of Neutral zone is an important biomechanical consideration in fabrication of complete dentures. There are different methods of recording the Neutral zone. This article compares the levels of patient satisfaction with complete denture fabricated using two neutral zone impression materials.
ABSTRACT
Administration of cadmium (Cd) significantly increased the peroxidation markers such as malondialdehyde and protein carbonyls along with significant decrease in antioxidant markers such as super oxide dismutase and reduced glutathione in liver and kidney tissues. Cadmium also caused a significant alteration in hepatic and renal functional markers in serum viz. total protein, albumin, alanine transaminase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. Prominent pathological changes observed in liver were severe vascular and sinusoidal congestion with diffuse degenerative changes and mononuclear infiltration into peripheral areas, while the kidney showed vascular and glomerular congestion, cloudy swelling of tubular epithelium. Co-administration of ethonolic extract of T. terrestris or vitamin E along with Cd significantly reversed the Cd induced changes along with significant reduction in Cd load.
ABSTRACT
Cadmium (Cd) is a potential environmental pollutant and causes severe damage to reproductive organs in adults including ovary and testes. Of all antioxidants α-tocopheral is considered to be most potent chain breaking antioxidant. Our aim was to study the effect of α-tocopheral on biochemical and histological alterations induced by Cd in testes of rats. Group 1 served as control, while groups 2 and 3 received subcutaneous injections of CdCl2 (3 mg/kg b.wt) once a week for four weeks. Group 3 in addition received α-tocopheral (75 mg/kg b.wt.) orally, daily for six weeks. Cadmium caused testicular tissue biochemical alterations such as significant increase in MDA, a peroxidation marker, decrease in antioxidant markers viz SOD, CAT and GSH and functional markers viz ALP and LDH. Histological alteration induced by Cd consisted of desquamation of basal lamina, shrunken tubules, generalized germ cell depletion with multinucleated gaint cells, degenerating Leydig cells, vascular congestion, interstitial edema and significant reduction in spermatodynamic count. α- tocopheral significantly reversed all the Cd induced alterations. These results indicate that α-tocopheral has a protective effect against Cd indced biochemical and histological alterations in rat testes.